Posted by: (PerfumeEmporium )
Posted by: (FragranceWholsale )
History and Background of Cosmetics
Posted by: (FragranceWholsale )
History
and Background
of Fragrances
Posted by: (FragranceWholsale )
Posted by: (PerfumeBay )
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T
he final touch to your eye makeup is the lash. Try to always use an eyelash curler. It will make your eyes look wider, more alert, and more youthful. It's like an instant eye lift. Always curl lashes before applying mascara.* Lightly powder lashes to give mascara a coat to cling to.
* Heat eyelash curler with hair dryer for a few seconds. It will act like a curling iron for the eyes.
Hint: Curl twice for a rounded curl. Place the open curl near the lash roots and arrange your lashes between the two rims. Squeeze gently for thirty seconds. Squeeze again at mid-lash for another thirty-seconds. It looks very natural.
* Give upper lashes a second coat of mascara, concentrating on the tips by stroking the brush horizontally across the lash. Never wait when applying second coat of mascara to lashes. Mascara, especially waterproof mascara, dries quickly and can clump.
* Lightly coat lower lashes.
Each time we have a newsletter, we will feature 5 beauty tips.
*******
1. Before tweezing, smooth the hair with a little moisturizer to help hairs slide out.
2. Use a clarifying shampoo on your hair at least two days before coloring to get rid of build up.
3. To balance unevenly shaped lips, use a lighter colored lipstick on the smaller-sized lip.
4. To save time from having to re-do your nails every couple of days, apply a clear coat to your nails each day to protect the polish from chipping.
5. We can achieve our best beauty image by having a positive mindset.
*******
*******
1. To make tweezing your eyebrows easier, do it immediately after taking a
shower, or apply a hot washcloth beforehand. This will loosen your hair
follicles.
2. Nails longer than one inch are five times more likely to carry harmful
pathogens. If you like to have long nails, be sure to be very diligent about
washing your hands, and carry an alcohol-based hand gel that can be used to
disinfect your hands when soap and water aren''t available.
3. To make a round face appear more slender sweep bronze over your temples,
cheekbones and under your chin using a fluffy brush. Highlight your forehead,
bridge of your nose, cheekbones, and tip of your chin with a light powder.
4. It's time to get out of your sneakers and boots and into sandals.
Don't forget that a pedicure not only makes you feel good, but makes your
feet look great in sandals.
5. When shaving, make sure to use a sharp blade. A dull blade will not give you
a clean shave and will contribute to razor burn.
*******
1. Having trouble taming your brows? Take a toothbrush and spray with a little
hair spray and then brush on brows. The stickiness of the hair spray will help
keep them in place.
2. Thin cucumber slices are an old remedy, but still a good one for reducing
puffiness and soothing tired, sore eyes.
3. Are your hands and nails looking tired? Get into the habit of wearing rubber
gloves when you do any cleaning around the house. Cleaning agents can be
extremely harsh on both nails and hands. In addition nails, when exposed to
water, swell and then shrink back as they dry, contributing to brittle nails.
4. To keep lips going all day, first pencil all over lips with a soft lip
pencil. Apply lipstick over and blot.
5. Drink a glass of hot water with lemon. This Chinese herbal remedy is a
sure-fire method of energizing your body. It will de-tox your entire system,
including the liver and gall bladder. This means that your body will be able to
clean the blood faster to get rid of toxins responsible for bad skin.
*******
1. When filling in eyebrows, you can also use eyeshadow for a more natural
look.
2. To keep lipstick off your teeth, pucker lips into an extreme "O".
Cover your finger with tissue, and insert it into your mouth. Slowly twist it
out of your mouth while pressing your lips around your finger, eliminating any
excess color.
3. Get lots of sleep. Your oxygen levels will drop if you don't get
enough sleep, meaning that your skin cells will not be renewed as quickly. This
is when degenerative skin aging sets in.
4. Make sure to wear stronger fragrance scents in cold weather. Cold reduces a
scent's strength.
5. Have frequent hang nails? Lack of protein, folic acid and vitamin C causes
hang nails. Alter your diet for healthier nails, and a healthier body.
*******
1. If you have typically oily skin, do not massage your skin too much when
applying moisturizer on your face. Facial massage stimulates the oil glands to
produce sebum, which is the last thing oily skin needs.
2. If getting a facial, make sure to schedule it a day or two before a big
event. That way if your face gets red or blotchy, it has time to calm down
before picture time.
3. Plucking facial hair will damage the follicles, and poke craters in tender
facial tissue. Instead, seek out an alternative method of facial hair removal
such as waxing, depilatories, bleach, or a good electrologist to remove facial
hair permanently.
4. When applying makeup, stick to the same color family. For example,
don't mix a warm lip shade (rust) with a cool blush (pink).
5. Shea Butter is one of the best ingredients for extremely dry, frizzy,
coarse, or damaged hair. So, if needed, seek out products with Shea Butter
listed in the ingredients.
*******
1. Chlorine and Salt water dry out your hair. Apply a little conditioner to
your hair before swimming.
2. To avoid skin irritation, do not shave before jumping into a chlorinated
pool or before a massage, salt rub, or any other exfoliating treatment.
3. Do not file into the corners of your nails; it weakens them and can make
them break more easily.
4. Do you have frequent forehead breakouts? Keeping your bangs clean will help,
and keep them off your forehead when possible.
5. Don't overmoisturize! Overuse can be just as bad as not using
any all. Slathering it on can lead to clogged pores and blackheads. Your dead
skin cells will get stuck, as they will have a harder time
sloughing off your skin if it is oversaturated.
*******
1. File your nails in a shape that mirrors the shape of your nail bed.
2. Good skincare - along with a healthy diet and exercise - is basic to beauty.
So at least once, treat yourself to a professional consultation and a facial,
just to learn the ropes, along with some guidelines about caring for your skin.
3. Fat - in moderation √ is a well kept but invaluable beauty secret. It
helps your body and skin utilize protein.
4. If you are having problems with break-outs, make sure you keep your pillow
case clean since you spend so much time nuzzled into it where dirt and oil can
be stored for your return each night.
5. Massage your scalp for a minute - or have someone do it for you - every night
before you go to bed to stimulate the blood flow of the roots of your hair.
*******
1. When applying makeup, always remember to blend, blend, blend. Use brushes,
sponges, puffs, and fingertips to soften the lines of demarcation. Nothing
looks worse that rigid lines of color that divide your face into harsh grids.
2. When washing your hair, wash in warm water, neither very hot or very cold,
because it opens the cuticle. At the salon, they may shampoo your hair twice
because it feels so great, but at home, once is enough.
3. If you decide to start a regular exfoliation regiment, be sure to start with
a delicate textured cloth, and rub gently. Once your skin adapts to regular
exfoliation, you can grow increasingly more vigorous.
4. Good tools for applying makeup are essential. The best brushes are made of
natural bristle, with wooden handles. They grab the powder or
blush and allow it to go on more evenly, while the wooden handle provides a
comfortable grip.
5. A metal file is more appropriate for picking locks than for filing your
nails - it's too hard. Stick with a resin-coated emery board.
*******
1. When applying conditioner or styling products to your hair, do not apply
them to the scalp. They can clog pores and cause flaking. Concentrate and the
hair only, especially the ends.
2. When filing your nails, file in one direction only. Filing your nails back
and forth causes splitting and cracking.
3. If you breakout on one side of your face but not the other, your phone may
be dirty and causing your breakout on the side that use the most.
4. Is your skin care regiment not working as well as it used to? Think back to
when you purchased it. If it looks are smells funny, or is older than one year
old, replace with new products.
5. After waxing, apply a gentle gel such as aloe to the skin. It will help
soothe the skin and reduce redness.
*******
1. When you are tired, your skin gets dehydrated. Drink lots of water,
moisturize, and choose makeup with hydration. With fatigue, skin looks one
shade paler so you may warm it up with a bronzer or blush.
2. To avoid clumping and smudging of mascara, always wipe the mascara wand
lightly with a tissue before you apply.
3. If you would like a deeper color or longer-lasting shine out of your
lipstick, layer a shimmer or frosted color on top of a matte.
4. To avoid lipstick on your teeth, run your index finger through the middle of
your lips and pull back out. The excess lipstick will come off on your finger,
instead of your teeth.
5. To avoid overdrying your hair, allow it to air dry whenever possible instead
of using the blow dryer.
*******
1. Use sunscreen. 90% of wrinkles are caused by the sun's ultraviolet
light.
2. Never underestimate the power of a face mask. A quick mask can improve the
look and feel of your skin almost immediately.
3. To avoid acne of the face, avoid the same foods that cause migraines:
alcohol, red wine, chocolate, and spicy foods.
4. Do you ever forget to apply your favorite scent before leaving the house or
feel like you could use a dab later during the day to refresh yourself? Many
fragrances are available in collectible miniature sizes, perfect for your purse
for those out of the house moments.
5. Applying face makeup with your fourth finger produces great results. The
fourth finger exerts the least pressure, so it doesn't pull on delicate
skin and its warmth blends better when patting gently. It is also good to use
for applying eye makeup because it fits into all the little nooks and crannies
around your eyes.
*******
1. Apply a light coat of powder before and after applying blush. The powder
allows for the blush to go on more smoothly and prevents it from grabbing onto
oily spots in the skin.
2. Colored or permed hair needs extra moisture, especially in the summer.
Before going out in the sun, comb a dime-sized dab of conditioner through your
hair and cover with a hat.
3. Concealer can be mixed with crХme or liquid eyeshadows, crХme
blush, or lip colors to pale down or dilute the application.
4. Instead of pumping your mascara applicator in and out of the tube, try
twirling it around instead. Pumping it puts air into the product and makes the
mascara dry out sooner.
5. Putting powder over the top of the first coat of lipstick will allow it to
last longer.
*******
1. To intensify any hair treatment: After applying treatment/conditioner, wrap
your hair in plastic wrap. Then, wring out a towel soaked in warm water and
wrap the towel around the plastic.
2. Don't leave your soap in a puddle of water. You are literally throwing
money down the drain. Leave it on a soap dish with drainage, or a drainage rack
and it will last longer. For extra thriftiness, cut the soap into halves or
thirds and use one section at a time.
3. After your nail polish dries, soak your nails in ice water to speed up the
hardening process.
4. Both saunas and steam rooms can cause broken capillaries in the face. Before
you sit in either, and especially if you move from extreme temperatures, apply
a light layer of moisturizer for protection.
5. For puffiness around the eyes, keep an eye gel in the refrigerator, and
apply it morning and night.
*******
1. Want to save money AND have your scent last longer? Try layering with
perfumed body lotion in your favorite scent before applying perfume. Body
Lotions come in large sizes and are less expensive than perfume. Putting on
perfumed body lotion before applying your daily perfume will make the scent
last longer, and you will require less perfume, thus saving money, and smelling
great all day!
2. Are you interested in a finished look to your makeup? Using loose or compact
powders over makeup serves to reduce the look of oily skin, diminish pores, and
seals makeup for longer lasting coverage.
3. What is the best order to apply makeup? No matter how much or how little
makeup you wear, following this order will produce the best results, and is
less likely to smudge. You can skip any step you like. Order of application:
Foundation, Concealer, Eye Shadow, Eyeliner, Mascara, Blush, Powder, and
finally Lipstick.
4. If you outline your lips with a nude or light lip pencil, a creamy lipstick
will not feather.
5. For an evening out, try these tips instead of carrying around a purse full
of makeup. Pack your retractable lipstick brush with lipstick, it is lighter
and more compact than a tube of lipstick. This can also be done with a
retractable mini powder brush, or carry a small sheet of blotting paper instead
of a compact.
1. Don't use testers at a cosmetics counter in a store. The preservatives
present to kill bacteria don't have time to work in between uses. If you
need to test the color against your skin, use the back of your hand or your
fingertip with a fresh applicator such as a cotton ball or Q-tip.
2. In cold weather, warm your moisturizer between your hands for a few seconds
before applying it to your face. This will help it absorb better.
3. Keep in mind that your skin does not end at your jaw. When you have time,
apply your skin products to your neck as well. Also, don't forget your
neck when applying moisturizers and sun screen.
4. Try to carry a small tube of moisturizer around with you, so when your skin
feels dry, you can apply it during the day. It is especially good for under the
eyes and around the mouth for those areas notorious for fine lines.
5. If you have sensitive skin or are prone to having a reaction to skin care
products or makeup, do a skin patch test before applying new products to your
face. Apply a small amount to your neck or upper arm and wait 24 hours to see
if any irritation develops.
4000 BC The Egyptians: Here we see the first archeological evidence of cosmetics.
It seems affluent women applied a bright green paste of copper minerals
to their faces to provide color and definition of features.
They used perfumed oils and painted eyebrows on themselves with cream
made from sheep's fat, lead and soot. It
might seem to some that they used the perfumed oils because of the face makeup.
The East 1500 BC: In China and Japan rice powder was used to paint faces pasty white. Eyebrows were shaved and plucked, and teeth were painted gold or black and Henna dyes, were used to stain hair and faces. In other words, teenagers looked exactly as they look today.
1,000 BC Greece: If you were an upper class Greek you probably wore a wig to
hide the fact that you seldom bathed. This
was true of both genders. Again everybody wanted the ⌠real white look
given by wearing chalk or white lead face powder. (No report on what the
incidence of lead poisoning was like in ancient Greece). When women wanted a
little color they chose ochre clays laced with red iron for lipstick (Mmmmm,
tastes good!) They spread their palms with reddish henna, supposedly to look
younger. These practices roughly
coincide with the perfection of soap.
100 AD Rome: Platus wrote "A woman without paint is like food without
salt,"
These super-civilized ancestors put barley flour and butter on their pimples,
and sheep's fat and blood on their fingernails for polish. Their crowning
contribution to cosmetics was the practice of taking mud baths laced
with crocodile excrement for who knows what purpose.
Men frequently dyed their hair blond, supposedly to look like the young
guy in the Dell Computer commercial. The practice of hair dying among men and
women alike was curtailed, as dyes were so caustic as to cause existing hair to
fall out. They had specially
dedicated slaves to apply their cosmetics.
14th Century: Cosmetics were regarded as a health threat because many
thought they would block proper circulation. In Elizabethan England dyed red
hair was fashionable. Well to do women wore egg whites over their faces to
create a whiter countenance and also slept with slices of raw beef on their
faces to get rid of wrinkles. I think some English playwright wrote something
to the effect "A beautiful woman is like a delicatessen." Then again,
maybe not.
15th -16th Centuries
In Europe, cosmetics were
used only by the aristocracy. Italy and France became the chief centers of Cosmetics
manufacturing. The French perfected the art of creating new fragrances and cosmetics,
by blending ingredients. This
laborious process gave birth not only to the means for producing modern cosmetics,
but also for murder, as arsenic was sometimes used in face powder instead of
lead, simply to kill the wearer faster.
17th -18th Century: Cosmetics are now in use by all except the very poorest classes of society.
Red rouge and lipstick were used extensively to suggest health, wealth and
gayety.
19th Century: France again. They develop chemical processes to replace fragrances made by the natural methods. Zinc oxide becomes widely used as a facial powder, replacing the more deadly mixtures of lead and copper previously used. Other poisonous substances are still used in eyeshadow (lead and antimony sulfide), lip reddeners (mercuric sulfide), and to make one's eyes sparkle (belladonna, or deadly nightshade. Hey, it's important to look good!
The 1920s in America: Cosmetics and fragrances are manufactured, and
begin to be mass marketed. It was
now okay for women to drop the Victorian image and dress up and use cosmetics,
because it made money. The mass
appeal and market for cosmetics was assured with the advent of the dime
store/department store/chain stores which proliferated during this decade.
1927: The chemical method for permanent waving is invented making it easier for many more women to have naturally wavy hair.
1930s: Movie stars such as Mary
Pickford, Theda Bara and Jean Harlow begin to influence the style and use of
makeup. Finally the white look starts to lose ground to the Hollywood tan look.
In 1935 Max Factor of Hollywood introduces pancake makeup because of the
adjustments required for photographing faces for film. Finally, women with food
on their faces again.
1950s: We begin the modern era of the cosmetics business as we know it. Face powders and makeup, tanning oils and fragrances are mass marketed to an essentially new post war society that is tired of shortages. Popular sponsors of radio soap operas transfer their ads to the new medium of television.
1960s: As in the Fragrance industry, this is a time of change, not necessarily for the better. Purple lips and Egyptian eyeliner make a comeback, butterflies show up painted on virtually every part of the body. Let's not forget false eye lashes. Food makes a comeback as botanical, and vegetable (carrot, watermelon) ingredients combine to create a back to nature look, smell, and attitude.
1970s: Certain ingredients are
banned from use in cosmetics to protect endangered species, and other
species currently used as lab rats by some cosmetics manufacturers.
This age of environmental concern fosters the start of many movements
demanding disclosure from the cosmetics industry asking questions like
⌠What did you do to those poor innocent puppies and bunnies to get this
cosmetic product approved? What's
in it, what does it do, where does it come from?
1980- Present: The key seems to be diversity as new looks, cosmetics
and beauty aids come together to form an enormous industry of over $20 billion
in sales annually. We are aware of
cosmetics, fragrances, hair and skin products every day as we are
heavily influenced by ads in print, and on television.
Now we turn to the Internet.
It used to be that you had to go down to the flower store to buy flowers,
the book store to get a book, the drug store for your prescriptions, the
computer store to get a computer, the car lot to buy a car.
Now items, which we wouldn't have thought of buying without personal
sales counseling a decade ago, are bought thousands of times each hour, on the
Internet. It is this way with cosmetics, fragrances and colognes.
Whereas your general store, or department store operating during the first
half of the 1950's might be able to stock 90% of the hot products and hot
brands of the time, and have inventory in the back in case product suddenly ran
out on the shelves, things have changed. There
are more products, more brands, more advertising, more disposable income, and
more demand for products advertised in magazines, billboards, television and
the Internet. No brick and mortar
(retail store-in-a-building) merchandiser could have everything all at once.
The name of the game now is e-tailing.
The consumer can buy virtually any product, style, color, size, make,
brand, price point; and have it shipped within 24 hours.
This frequently represents less buyer time expended than a trip to the
local mall. The convenience factor
of dealing with your favorite e-tailer means a lot.
Selecting cosmetics is oftentimes less buyer-intensive than
getting the ripe tomatoes from the produce department of your local grocery
store. You don't have to drive,
squeeze, or wait in line.
History and background of Fragrances
A fragrance is a blend of
extracts, alcohol and water; each perfume, cologne, fragrance, is characterized
by the ratio of ingredients. A perfume has a different concentration of extracts
to an Eau de Toilette. Perfume has the highest concentration, followed by Eau de
Parfum and Esprit de Parfum. Though they are less concentrated, the two latter fragrances
leave an intense lingering scent. Eau de Toilette is much lighter, with the
least concentrated fragrance being Eau de Cologne.
The history of fragrance and lotions goes back to the very beginning of
civilization.
Invention Man eventually discovered that oils and rendered animal fats not only
helped heal the skin but prevented further damage. The rich used fine almond,
olive and sesame oils, while the poor smelled less fragrant but were probably
equally comfortable with castor oil. As far back as 200 years before the birth
of Christ, the Babylonian ruler, Hammurabi, decreed that everyone in his kingdom
(men and women) had to wash in perfume.
Frankincense and myrrh figured strongly in the Bible as gifts to the Christ
child from the Three Wise Men.
Assyrian warriors curled their long beards with scented oils.
Napoleon is said to have used an average of 54 bottles of cologne each month,
and always wore his favorite scent into battle. Perhaps he wanted to charm his
enemies into submission.
King Louis XIV of France prescribed that members of the court should use a
different fragrance each day.
Sir Walter Raleigh regularly drank a mixture of wild strawberry leaves - and
always placed potpourris of roses and orris powder throughout the rooms of his
home
During the 17th century, gentlemen carried aromatics in the heads of their
walking sticks so that they could to open them and inhale whenever the occasion
demanded it.
There was nothing sissy or feminine about the early American cattlemen who came
into town for their monthly baths and took to lilac water in an effort to mask
the trail smells composed of horses, cows, sweat, trail dust, sweat, and
whiskey. It almost seems lilac water may not have been strong enough. But by the
turn of the century nobody giggled when the well dressed, starch-collared man
left the barbershop with his hair slicked and parted and smelling of petunias.
There was nothing un-masculine about their use of fragrance.
Prior to World War I, the only fragrant lotions used by men were Bay Rum and
Witch Hazel. During the Roaring 20's those men who wished to be dashing
applied a dose of women`s perfume under their jacket lapels
Rudolph Valentino, one of the greatest screen lovers of all time, wore cologne
that reportedly charged the air with a cool, citrusy, masculine scent, and he
inspired a following of men who slicked their hair as he did and habitually used
his very brand of citrus. Women across the country reacted with overwhelming
enthusiasm.
The free spirit of the Roaring Twenties liberated men (as well as women) but
they could not as yet choose from a family of products developed for and
marketed specifically to men.
It wasn`t until the early 30`s, during the Depression, that an American cologne
after-shave was introduced to capture the imagination of men across the country.
It was an instant success and was considered the ultimate "morale
booster."
In the mid-60`s, social, economic and industrial changes inspired men to begin
experimentation with innovative fashions and fragrances. It is during
this time that we begin to see the proliferation of Fragrances, colognes,
and cosmetics for men.
Starting in the 1970's, Men's fragrances began to be taken
more seriously as a marketing category. Several companies entered the market to
give men an array of products and fragrances to choose from. Designers
include Ralph Lauren who offers Polo
for Men After Shave Balm, Polo
Cologne for Men, Polo
Crest for Men, , Polo
Sport Extreme Cologne, Romance
Cologne for Men, Safari
Cologne for Men, as well as the Rodeo, Haute,
and Premiere
Collections for Women.
Calvin Klein has also been a leader in fragrances for men and women
alike. He introduced Calvin
Cologne for Men as well as the CK
Be line generally considered to be a unisex line.
Tommy Hilfiger created the Athletics
Cologne for men, Tommy
Cologne, Freedom
Cologne for Men and Freedom
Cologne for women. Fragrances are not just for women anymore.
Perfume is a personal way to communicate one’s sensuality and
attractiveness. It is an integral part of one’s personality as much as
one’s type of skin, voice or smile. A special touch of fragrance can
make an unforgettable impression on others. Here are some tips for
applying fragrance:
Apply fragrance to your pulse points which are areas on your skin where
blood flow is
strongest and the skin is warmest such as: wrist, behind the ear,
chest, neck, behind the
knee and inside the elbow.
* Layer your fragrance for long-lasting wear.
* It may be necessary to re-apply your fragrance after 3-4 hours.
* Walk into your fragrance. This is a method of spraying the fragrance
into the air and walking-
into it. The fragrance will be evenly applied while not being too
overwhelming.
* When testing a new fragrance, allow the fragrance to “settle” on
your skin for about 10
minutes. You will experience the different levels of “notes”
as the scent mingles with your
body chemistry. You should not test more than 3 fragrances at one
time. Your nose will not
be able to pick up the complexities of the fragrance notes.
* Avoid over-applying your fragrance. This may lead to an unappealing
response from others.
* Experiment with different fragrances families. A balanced fragrance
wardrobe should include
different a variety of fragrances for that perfect occasion.
Fragrance Facts
Perfume is composed of natural or synthetic fragrant oil extracts
diluted in water and high-grade alcohol. The composition of these oil
extracts determines the level or “strength” of the fragrance which
affects the lasting power of the scent. Below are the different
fragrance levels:
Eau de Cologne – least concentrated (fragrance lasts up to 1 hour)
Eau de Toilette – concentrated (fragrance lasts up to 2 hours)
Eau de Parfum – concentrated (fragrance lasts up to 3-4 hours)
Perfume or Parfum Classic – highly concentrated (fragrance lasts up to
5-6 hours)
Fragrance Families
Fragrances are generally categorized into fragrance families based its
notes and composition. There are three levels of “notes” associated
with every fragrance. These are the Top, Middle, and Base notes. The top
notes are the initial essences that are revealed when first applied.
After about 5 minutes, the fragrance is absorbed into the skin and
middle notes are revealed. Around 10-15 minutes later, the scent is
fully developed as it lingers at base. Below is a chart illustrating the
popular fragrance families.
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